Turkish Archives of Pediatrics
Original Article

Change in the Frequency of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Children with Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey over the Years Before and After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Single-Center Experience

1.

Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences University, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

2.

Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences University, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

3.

Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences University, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

4.

Division of Pediatric Intensive Care, Department of Pediatrics, Health Sciences University, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey

Turk Arch Pediatr 2024; 59: 163-169
DOI: 10.5152/TurkArchPediatr.2024.23255
Read: 592 Downloads: 239 Published: 01 March 2024

Objective: The number of admissions for severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D) increased during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. We aimed to investigate whether there has been a change in this situation in recent years.

Materials and Methods: All children with T1D who were diagnosed in our tertiary hospital between 2019 and 2023 were included. Plasma insulin, C-peptide, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and antibodies against thyroid peroxidase, thyroglobulin, insulin, islet cell, glutamic acid decarboxylase, tissue transglutaminase IgA, and endomysium IgA were measured.

Results: The frequency of moderate–severe acidosis at admission, which increased after pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period, returns to its previous levels over time but still shows a statistical difference compared to the pre-pandemic period (P = .012). Age, blood gas pH and HCO3 level, C-peptide, HbA1c, and length of stay of children at the time of admission were compared year by year (years 2019-2023). No statistical differences were observed (P = .509, P = .181, P = .069, P = .469, P = .346, P = .946), respectively. A significant difference was observed in venous glucose (P < .001) and insulin (P = .001) according to years. Also, no significant difference was found about the degree of acidosis according to age (P = .334).

Conclusion: Although the frequency of DKA in children with newly-diagnosed T1D increased in the first years of the pandemic, it has been decreasing over the years toward pre-pandemic levels. The frequency of DKA is still higher than the pre-pandemic period.

Cite this article as: Koca SB, Takcı MZ, Deniz R, Özcan S, Çeleğen M, Dursun A. Change in the frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey over the years before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A single-center experience. Turk Arch Pediatr. 2024;59(2):163-169

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